Introduction
You have seen the pictures. A child with thin, wrinkled skin. Bones sticking out. Eyes hollow. That is marasmus – a severe form of protein energy malnutrition.
Another child with a swollen belly, cracked skin, and reddish hair. That is kwashiorkor – another form of protein energy malnutrition.
There are two main types of malnutrition that kill millions of children every year: marasmus and kwashiorkor.
- Marasmus – caused by not enough calories or protein. The body wastes away to skin and bones.
- Kwashiorkor – caused by enough calories but not enough protein. The belly swells, skin cracks, and the liver fails.
Both are caused by deficiency – something missing from the diet. Not a germ. Not a poison. Not eating too much of a “bad” food.
Now, why does this matter for heart disease? They teach us something important about every chronic disease – including heart disease.
What Is Protein Energy Malnutrition?
Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) means the body is not getting enough of the right nutrients. It is the most common form of malnutrition worldwide. It comes in two main types:
- Marasmus – caused by total calorie and protein deficiency.
- Kwashiorkor – caused by protein deficiency, even with enough calories.
Both are caused by the absence of essential nutrients. Not by eating something bad like saturated fats, meat etc.
What Is Marasmus? The Starvation Form of Malnutrition
Marasmus happens when a child does not get enough food – not enough calories, not enough protein, not enough of anything. The body has nothing to burn for energy. So it starts eating its own muscles, its own fat, its own organs.
The child becomes a living skeleton. Weak, tired, unable to fight even a common cold. Without help, death comes quickly.
The cause of marasmus is malnutrition – simply not enough food.
What Is Kwashiorkor? The Protein Deficiency Form of Malnutrition
Kwashiorkor is different. These children eat enough calories – often from cheap, starchy foods like corn or rice porridge. But they do not eat enough protein.
Without protein, the body cannot make albumin. Albumin is the molecule that keeps fluid inside your blood vessels. When albumin drops, fluid leaks out into the belly. That is why the child’s belly swells.
The skin cracks and peels. The hair turns red or grey. The liver becomes fatty. The child is weak, miserable, and half‑dead – even though they have a full belly.
The cause of kwashiorkor is also malnutrition, missing protein and the micronutrients that come with real protein‑rich foods.
The Lesson: Malnutrition Is a Deficiency, Not an Excess
Here is what these diseases teach us.
Both marasmus and kwashiorkor are caused by what is missing, not by what is present. No one blames the child for eating much of something that is blamed as bad food. No one says “cut back on calories” to a child with marasmus. They need more food, not less.
Now compare this to heart disease.
Mainstream medicine tells you that eating saturated fat causes heart disease. That is an “excess” theory – you ate too much of a bad macronutrient. They do not say you are deficient in saturated fats, deficient in salt etc.
But what if the real cause is also a form of malnutrition? What if heart disease is caused by missing micronutrients – vitamin C, lysine, proline – that your arteries need to stay strong?
That is exactly what I explain in my book Unraveling the Root Cause of Chronic Diseases. Deficiency of micronutrients affects cellular function. This malfunction of cells is called a disease.
The Same Pattern Applies to Heart Disease – A Hidden Malnutrition
Your body needs vitamin C to make strong collagen. Collagen holds your artery walls together. Without enough vitamin C, your arteries crack.
Your body sends Lp(a) – a sticky repair particle – to patch the cracks. Over decades, the patches build up. That is plaque.
The mainstream calls Lp(a) a “bad cholesterol” and blames saturated fat for the problem. But the real root cause is hidden malnutrition – missing micronutrients – the same pattern as marasmus and kwashiorkor.
Give your body what it is missing. Vitamin C, lysine, proline. Let your arteries heal.
Learn More From the Deficiency Series
These short articles explain how deficiency – not excess – causes disease:
- What Causes Beriberi? Vitamin B1 Micronutrient Deficiency
- What Causes Scurvy? Vitamin C Micronutrient Deficiency
- What Causes Pellagra? Vitamin B3 Micronutrient Deficiency
- What Causes Rickets? Vitamin D Micronutrient Deficiency
- What Causes Pernicious Anemia? B12, Folate & Iron Synergy
And for the full argument on heart disease:
The Root Cause of Heart Disease: It’s a Synergistic Nutrient Deficiency, Not Saturated Fats
For more such articles, visit my website https://lyproc.com
My Books

Links on Amazon
Unraveling The Root Cause of Chronic Diseases:
Reverse Heart Disease: No Lifelong Suffering
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